The AIDA software is intended to serve as an educational support tool and can be used by anyone — person with diabetes, relative of a patient, health care professional (doctor, nurse, clinical diabetes educator, dietician, pharmacist, etc), or student — even if they may have minimal knowledge of the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus.
It is important to note that AIDA, like other model-based approaches, is not sufficiently accurate to be used for individual patient simulation or glycemic prediction. Therefore, as the program makes clear, it is not intended for insulin therapy planning and can only be used for teaching, self-learning, demonstration, or research purposes. While the AIDA software can simulate a wide variety of insulin dosage and diet (nutrition) adjustments, it should be stressed that the purpose of AIDA is to create a learning environment for communicating and training intuitive thinking when dealing with such adjustments. In this respect AIDA appears most of use for recreating clinical situations in diabetes care — rather than trying to predict best outcome.
The AIDA diabetes simulator comes in two forms. (1) A downloadable (PC) version — latest release AIDA v4.3b — which also works on Apple Macintosh computers running PC emulation software (see http://www.2aida.org/applemac). The program is available to download for free from http://www.2aida.org/download. (2) A web-based version — called AIDA on-line — no download required — available to use via a standard web browser for free at http://www.2aida.net.
The AIDA software comes with forty educational case scenarios as standard, each of which represents a 'snapshot' of the metabolic status of a typical person with respect to insulin-dependent type 1 diabetes mellitus. It is easy for users to add or create further case scenarios, as required. Examples of the application of AIDA as an educational tool can be found in various published journal articles, and a full demonstration can be viewed on line at — or downloaded without charge from — the AIDA websites. A video which overviews a demonstration of what AIDA has to offer is freely available on YouTube, from: http://www.youtube.com/aidadiabetessoftware
In the example — freely accessible at http://www.2aida.org/aida/fast-track.htm — a woman is on three injections of short and / or intermediate acting insulin each day, with a split-evening dose. She wants to start a family, but consistently has had quite high blood glucose levels in the early afternoon, despite numerous attempts to normalise her control in anticipation of becoming pregnant. Clearly she could decrease the amount that she eats, but this would not be ideal during pregnancy. See if you can adjust her insulin doses to improve her glycemic control. For example, you could try increasing the dose of the morning insulin injection(s) because of the high blood glucose level in the afternoon, or try increasing the dose of the evening insulin injection(s) because of the relatively high blood glucose level overnight. However, you will need to be careful because you do not want to send this woman low (hypoglycemic) overnight.
Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels are widely regarded as a marker of medium-term blood glucose control and are extensively applied clinically as an indicator of a person's average or integrated glycemic control over the preceding 2–3 months. Diabetologists, endocrinologists, diabetes specialist nurses and diabetes educators use assessments of HbA1c levels to confirm overall blood glucose control; this test having the advantage of not being dependent on patient self-reported blood glucose data.
Since the year 2000, an estimate or simulation of HbA1c levels has been incorporated within the AIDA program. This offers people with diabetes, their relatives, students, health-care professionals and other users an indication of what the HbA1c level might be if the simulated blood glucose profile was maintained for 2–3 months. The AIDA developers stress that such HbA1c level estimations, like AIDA's main blood glucose simulations, are only intended for educational / teaching, self-learning or demonstration purposes, and not meant for individual patient prediction or therapy planning. User comments that have been received about AIDA have highlighted some of the many and varied ways in which a range of people have been applying the diabetes simulations in their own particular situations and practices. A great deal of attention has focused, understandably, on use by individuals with diabetes and their relatives, as well as by health-care professionals such as diabetologists / endocrinologists and diabetes educators. However, an important group of health-carers involved in the provision of day-today care for many people with diabetes are primary care physicians (general practitioners [GPs]). A workshop was held in September 2000 in Italy — by an independent diabetologist / endocrinologist unconnected with the AIDA simulator's development — to gain experience with application of the AIDA diabetes simulation approach as a teaching tool for general practitioners (GPs). Feedback obtained from participants attending the workshop was very positive, with GPs reporting the simulation approach to be both of interest and use. Another important group of health-carers involved in the provision of day-to-day care for many people with diabetes are nurses. A separate workshop was held in June 2001 in Italy — by the same independent diabetologist / endocrinologist — to gain experience with application of the AIDA diabetes simulation approach as a teaching tool for student nurses. Feedback obtained from participants attending the workshop was generally very positive, with the student nurses also reporting the simulation approach to be both of interest and of use.
It is important to note that AIDA, like other model-based approaches, is not sufficiently accurate to be used for individual patient simulation or glycemic prediction. Therefore, as the program makes clear, it is not intended for insulin therapy planning and can only be used for teaching, self-learning, demonstration, or research purposes. While the AIDA software can simulate a wide variety of insulin dosage and diet (nutrition) adjustments, it should be stressed that the purpose of AIDA is to create a learning environment for communicating and training intuitive thinking when dealing with such adjustments. In this respect AIDA appears most of use for recreating clinical situations in diabetes care — rather than trying to predict best outcome.
The AIDA diabetes simulator comes in two forms. (1) A downloadable (PC) version — latest release AIDA v4.3b — which also works on Apple Macintosh computers running PC emulation software (see http://www.2aida.org/applemac). The program is available to download for free from http://www.2aida.org/download. (2) A web-based version — called AIDA on-line — no download required — available to use via a standard web browser for free at http://www.2aida.net.
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Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels are widely regarded as a marker of medium-term blood glucose control and are extensively applied clinically as an indicator of a person's average or integrated glycemic control over the preceding 2–3 months. Diabetologists, endocrinologists, diabetes specialist nurses and diabetes educators use assessments of HbA1c levels to confirm overall blood glucose control; this test having the advantage of not being dependent on patient self-reported blood glucose data.
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